VORP estimates the number of points per 100 team possessions a player contributed above a replacement-level player (defined as a player with a BPM of −2.0). It is the cumulative seasonal version of BPM, scaled by minutes played.
Provides a single number for seasonal value with an interpretable baseline. Rath (2025) finds VORP is the single advanced metric most predictive of NBA salary across player archetypes (total MSE 11.99 vs. PIE's 35.84), confirming its utility as a summary display metric. Historical coverage back to 1973-74.
Downstream of BPM — shares all BPM's limitations. Cumulative metric (scaled by minutes) means players with more playing time accumulate VORP regardless of per-minute quality differences.
VORP is shown in APEX player cards as a display-only validation signal, not scored. Scoring VORP alongside BPM would double-count the same underlying metric. Its retention as a display metric reflects its strong recognition factor in the analytics community and Rath's independent finding that it correlates best with salary across player types — useful context for readers who want a second reference number.